Hydraulic brake



July 16, 1940. F, H, HOLZ 1 2,208,074

HYDRAULIC BRAKE Filed Sept. 11, 1939 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 a W g1 551 9.1. 1 3,

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HYDRAULIC BRAKE INVENTO mmjaW-% ATTORNEYS Patented July 16, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT- OFFICE Claims.. (or 188-90) This invention relates to improvements in braking systems and especially is concerned with a novel improved brake of, the rotary pump type which includes means for compensating for wear 5 of parts,

One of the disadvantages of existing types of brakes, especially in brakes of the hydraulic type, is that during normal use wear of parts not infrequently. is such as to permit leakage of the hydraulic fluid, therefore substantially reducing the efliciency of the brake.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel brake of the rotary pump type wherein meansare provided for compensating for wear of internal parts of the brake, especially parts the wear of which would, permit leakage of the hydraulic fluid with impairment of the efficiency of the brake. 4

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel braking system including brake elements of the rotary pump type which can be remotely controlled and operated by conventional hydraulic, brake systems.

. An advantage of the novel braking system ac- 5 cording to this invention over existing similar systems is that the novel brake casing according to this invention not only compensates for wear of internal parts of the brake, but also facilitates dismantling of the brake for adjustment or repair.

A feature of the brake elements comprising the brakingsystem according to the present in-- vention is their comparative structural simplicity whereby the brake is well suited to the requirec I ments of mass production with resultingecono- 35 mies of manufacture. I

, Another feature is that elements of. the brake made in the practice of the present invention can be replaced or interchanged without impairment of the brake efllciency whereas in many existing types of hydraulic brakes which the presmay not be interchanged without substantially and deleteriously affecting the utility of the brake.

other objects, advantages and features of the new and improved. hydraulic brake according to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in this art during the course of the following description. I

Regarded in certain of its broader aspects, the novel braking system according to the instant invention comprises a brake element of the rotary pump type comprising a rotor mounted within a casing, the space between the casing sides, the N periphery of the rotor and the casing both conent invention constitutes an improvement, parts stituting a pumping chamber; the improved casing including means compensating for wear whereby the rotor is-continuously pressed between the cas-- ing sides, said casing means comprising a cupular first casing element within which the rotor is 5 received, a second casing element freely axiallyslidable within said first casing element, an annulus superposed on said second casing element engaging with .parts of said casing element whereby rotation of said annulus can press said 10 second casing element within said first casingelement, and continuously operating means tending to rotate said annulus.- In certain other as.-

pects the instant invention comprises a brake element of the rotary pump type provided with a 15 casing having, an eccentrically mounted rotor journalled therein, the space between the periphcry of the rotor and the bore of the casing constituting a pumping chamber having an inlet and an outlet orifice, radially extending sliding, vanes car- I0 ried by said rotor extending through said chamber and engaging the bore of said casing, and a remotely hydraulically controlled valve connecting and controlling fluid flow between said inletand said .outlet orifice.

In order to facilitate a fuller and more complete understanding of the present invention a specific embodiment thereof herein illustrated will be hereinafter described, it being clearly understood, however. that the illustrated embodiment, although presently preferred, is provided solely by way of example of the practice of this invention and not by way of limitation thereof except insofar as the invention is recited in the subjoined. claims. a I

Referring then tothe drawings, I

Figure l is substantially a-vertical sectional view of the presently preferred embodiment of I this invention showing same mounted for use upon partsof a conventional vehicle, I

Fig. 2 is substantially a vertical sectional view of Fig. 1 taken along the hue 2-2,

Fig. 3 is a detail view mostly in vertical section illustrating parts of the brake operating mecha- "5 Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the presently preferred embodiment of this invention, a

Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the casing elements,

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of another casing element,

Fig. '7 is substantially a side elevational view of one of the spring pressed vanes carried by the rotor, and

Fig. 8 is a detail view mostly in vertical section of the pump filling means.

Referring now to the drawings, it will be noted that the brake generally designated by the numeral I comprises an essentially flat cupular casing element I I open at one end and internally divided by a partition I la which serves as a common wall for the crescent shaped chamber IIb and for the essentially circular chamber IIc within the casing substantially as shown in Fig. 2. Bores IId are provided in the partition Ila. for permitting communication between the chambers for purposes which hereinafter will be made more clear. Internal marginal portions of the chamber I I0 are provided with transversely extending keyways I Ie which intersect. internally threaded portions IIf of the casing end substantially as is shown in Fig. 6.

A disc-shaped rotor I2 carried on the splined I hub I3 which in turn .is mounted upon the axle end portion I4 by-means including the key Ida and the nut I4b received on threaded end portions I40 of the axle. The rotor I2 is provided with a plurality of angularly spaced radially extending slots I2a within which are received pairs .of sliding vanes I5 urged outwardlyby springs I6 pressed against end parts of the vanes and parts of the rotor. It is to be noted that the distal end portions of the vanes I5 are beveled whereby each pair of vanes presents a V-shaped surface pressed against the bore of the casing chamber I Ic.

A disc-like casing element II having radially extending key formations I'Ia. on marginal portions thereof receivablein and engageable with the key ways Me of the casing element II is p0 sitionable within said casing element II against the rotor I2 essentially as shown in Fig. 1. It is to be noted that the periphery of the casing element I1 is provided with a gland I'Ib for preventing or at least inhibiting leakage of the hydraulic fluid. It will be evident of course that the interengagement of the key Ila with the key ways He serves to prevent relative rotation of the casing elements If and I1 and it is further to be noted that when the casing element I1 is pressed against the side of the rotor I2, the space between the periphery of the rotor, the bore of the casing chamber He and the inner sides of the casing defines a pumping chamber.

The novel means for pressing the rotor between the casing sides will now be described, reference being made especially to Figs. 1, 4 and 5 wherein the numeral I8 designates an externally'threaded annulus receivable in and engageable with the threaded end portion I If of the casing II. When the annulus is positioned upon the casing element ll above described, it will be apparent that rotation of the annulus advancing same along the threaded portionsof the casing element will press the casing element I1 within the casing element II whereby the rotor can be firmly but rotatably pressed between the casing sides. Posts I9 mounted on the outside face of the casing element H are attached to spring tensioning means 20 mounted by hasps 2| on parts of the annulus I8 whereby the spring tensioning means tend continuously to rotate the annulus I8 thereby advancing same along the threaded end portion I If above mentioned and pressing the rotor between the casing sides. It will be apparent from the foregoing that when the-rotor, as illustrated in Fig. 2, is rotated in a clockwise direction, fluid will pass through the pumping chan'iber I I0 and openings Hz! to and from the crescent shaped be apparent to those skilled in this art that interruption of the course of flow of fluid through the crescent shaped chamber IIb will interrupt rotation of the rotor I2 inasmuch as the fluid being incompressible will preclude compression by operation of the pump. A valve 28 is provided for controlling flow of fluid through the crescent shaped chamber IIb, it being obvious that the valve is received in an opening in a constricted portion of the crescent shaped chamber and that the opening is closed by a threaded plug 29 essentially as shown in Fig. 1. The shank of the valve extends outwardly through an opening provided in'a wall of the chambenand carries on its extreme end portion a crank 30 pivoted to a connector rod 3| which carries on its end a ball 32 received in a socket 33 formed on a portion of the piston head 34 which is sliding'ly mounted within a cylinder 35. A spring 34a within the cylinder 35 normally presses the piston 34 against the closed end of the cylinder whereby the valve 28 normally is maintained in opened position. A fluid transmission line 36 communicating with the interior of the cylinder 35 serves to initiate movement of the piston within the cylinder, for this purpose the line being connected to an appropriate source of hydraulic power, or if preferred, to

a source of pneumatic fluid. From the foregoing it will be evident that when fluid is forced into casing I i is provided for facilitating introduction of hydraulic fluid .to the pumping chamber. A check valve 4I mounted in a bushing 42 is received within the opening 40 and is arranged whereby passage of fluid through the check valve from the pumping chamber is precluded. The check valve communicates with the interior of a storage cylinder 42 which is provided with a piston 43 pressed by a spring 44 held by a cap 45 whereby fluid from the chamber 42 is urged through the check valve 4I into the pumping chamber.- Fluid is introduced into the chamber 42 through a check valve 46, the valve being arranged whereby passage of fluid from the interior of the chamber through the valve is precluded. It will be apparent that the pumping chamber can be filled by connecting the check valve 46 with a suitable source of fluid under pressure.

Having described the structural features of the novel device according to the present invention, its mode] of operation now will be pointed out, reference again being made to the accompanying drawings for, a clearer understanding of the invention. During such time as the braking system is not in use, the shaft or axle I4 rotates freely carrying with it a rotor I2 whereby the vanes I5 spring urged against the bore of the pumping chamber IIc move fluid through the pumping chamber and openings IId causing the same to pass from tip to tip of the crescentv 35 the chamber of the cylinder 36, the piston 34 will ed. When it is desired to relieve the braking action, the pressure exerted on the fluid within the chamber 35 is released, thereby permitting nectlng the check valve 46 with a source of fluid under pressure. It will be evident of course that when the pumping chamber is substantially completely filled with fluid the piston 43 in the chamber 42 will move against the pressure of the spring 43 and accordingly fluid in the chamber 42 will be maintained under pressure to compensate for possible leakage of fluid from the pumping chamber. Under these circumstances a supply of fluid under pressure is constantlyavailable to complement the fluid in the pumping chamber maintaining the same filled at all times during use.

It is to be understood of course that this invention is capable of extended application and is not confined to the precise illustrated forms nor described construction and, therefore, such changes and modifications may be made therein as do not affect the spirit of the invention nor exceed the scope of the appendedclaims.

Having thus described the present invention, what it is desired to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a braking system, a brake element of the rotary pump type comprising a rotor eccentrically mounted within a casing, the space between the casing sides, the periphery of the rotor and the casing bore constituting a pumping chamber theimproved casing compensating for wear, wherein the rotor is continuously pressed between the casing sides, comprising a relatively flat cupular first casing element within which the rotor is received, the inner peripheral parts of said first casing element being threaded and being provided with key ways extending transversely of the threading; a disc-like second casing element freely axially slidable within the threaded portion of said first casing element and having radially extending formations engaging with said key ways; an externally threaded annulus, superposed on said second casing element, received in and engaging with the threaded parts of said first casing element whereby rotation of said annulus can press said second casing element within said first casing element; and continuously operating means tending to rotate said annulus comprising springtensioning elements mounted on said second casing element attached to said annulus. i

2. In a braking system, a brake element of the rotary pump type comprising a rotor eccenimproved casing compensating for wear, wherein, the rotor is continuously pressed between thecasing sides, comprising a relatively fiat cupular firstcasing element within which the rotor is received, the inner peripheral parts of said first casing element being threaded and being provided with key ways extending transversely of the threading; a disc-like second casing element freely axially slidable within the threaded portion of said first casing element and having radially extending formations engaging with said key ways; an externally threaded annulus, superposed on said second casing element, received in and engaging with. the threaded parts or said first casing element whereby rotation of said annulus can press said second casing element within said first casing element; and continuously operating means tending to rotate said annulus comprising spring tensioning elements mounted on said second casing element attached to said annulus. w

3. In a braking system, a brake element of the rotary pump type comprising a rotor mounted within a casing, the space between the casing sides, the periphery of the rotor and the casing bore constituting a pumping chamber; the improved casing compensating for wear, wherein the rotor is continuously pressed between the easing sides, comprising a cupular first casing element within which the rotor is received, a second casing element freely axially slidable within said first casing element; an annulus, superposed on said second casing element, engaging with parts or said first casing element whereby rotation of said annulus can press said second casing element within said first casing element; and

' continuously operating means tending to rotate said annulus.

4. In a braking system, a brake element of the rotary pump type comprising a rotor mounted within a casing. the space between'the casing sides, the periphery of the rotor and the casing the casing sides, comprising a cupular first cas ing element within which the rotor is received,

'a second casing element freely axially slidable within said first casing element; an externally threaded annulus, superposed on said. second casing element, engaging with parts of said first casing element whereby rotation of said annulus can press said second casing ,element within said first casing element; and continuously operating means tending to rotate said annulus.

5. In a machine of the hydraulic pump type comprising a rotor mounted between relatively movable side elements of a casing in a manner such that the periphery of the rotor, the casing sides and casing bore define a pumping chamber, the improvement which comprises means for advancing one 01' the casing side elements toward the opposing side element causing the rotor to be pressed therebetween, said means comprising a movable member engaging with parts of both casing side elements in a manner such that movement of said member causes said side elements to approach each other,'and spring tensioning means tending'so to move said member.

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